Spectroscopy

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Advanced Spectroscopy

Lecture 5 (updated for 2019)

  1. notes for the lecture:pdf
  2. model answers
    • in notes probems: pdf
    • self-study problems / exam preparation: pdf
  3. resources related to this lecture
  4. reading optional
    • Chapter 11: Symmetry and Selection Rules, in "Group Theory for Chemists", by Kieran Molloy
    • From "Molecular Quantum Mechanics", by Peter Atkins and Ronald Friedman.
      • Section 5.16: Vanishing integrals
      • Section 5.15: Direct product groups
      • Section 6.17: The Einstein transition probabilities
      • Section 10.8: The vibrational energy levels of diatomic molecules
      • Section 10.10: Vibrational selection rules
      • Section 10.12: Vibrational Raman transitions of diatomic molecules
      • Section 10.13: Normal modes
      • Section 10.14: Vibrational selection rules for polyatomic molecules
      • Chapter 11: Molecular electronic transitons
      • Appendix 16: Electric dipole transitions

Lecture 6 (updated for 2019)

  1. notes for the lecture:pdf
  2. model answers
    • in notes probems: pdf
  3. reading optional
    • Chapter 11: Symmetry and Selection Rules from "Group Theory for Chemists", by Kieran Molloy
    • From "Molecular Quantum Mechanics", by Peter Atkins and Ronald Friedman.
      • revision Chapter 3: Rotational Motion and the Hydrogen atom
      • Chapter 4: Angular Momentum
  4. resources related to this lecture
    • entertaining u-tube video cocktail of Nickel complexes. The "drinks" are tetraaqua-ethylenediamine nickel(II), diaqua-bis-ethylenediamine nickel(II), tris-ethylenediamine nickel(II), bis-dimethylglyoxime nickel, hexammine nickel(II), potassium tetracyanonickelate(II) and hexaqua nickel(II)
    • A paper showing the use of UV-vis spectra: doi: 10.1039/C1DT11578B Facile in situ synthesis of nanofluids based on ionic liquids and copper oxide clusters and nanoparticles, M. Swadzba-Kwasny, L. Chancelier, S. Ng , H.G. Manyar, C. Hardacre and P. Nockemann, Dalton Trans., 2012 (41), p219
    • water is transparent because of a narrow window in its absorption spectrum in the visible range, Wiki on absorption by water
    • Chemistry of Manganese including the highly coloured [MnO4]- and very pale pink [Mn(H2O)6]2+, from the Interactive Periodic Table.
    • You can find many examples of this on utube under "LeChatelier's Principle" such as this Cobalt example where pink [Co(H2O)6]2+ is interconverted with blue [CoCl4]2-
    • Electronic absorptions which generate colour are not restricted to soluble TM-complexes, TMs in a solid state environment are also coloured. While the colour of many dyes is based on electronic absorptions within organic complexes, the colours of many paints or pigments are based on the electronic absorptions of TM ions within an octahedral or tetrahedral environment in a solid state structure (octahedral or tetrahedral holes). Read a little about the colour Prussian Blue or the colour Viridian. There are many other artists colours which are based on TM complexes see Pigments through the ages
    • Modern art incorporates the use of CuSO4 in the work Seizure, Roger Hiorns transformed an empty council flat in Peckham, by filing the flat with a CuSO4 solution and allowing crystals of copper sulphate to grow.

Lecture 7 (updated for 2019)

  1. notes for the lecture:pdf
  2. model answers
    • in notes probems: pdf
    • self study problems / exam preparation: pdf
  3. reading optional
    • Sections 7.16-7.18 of Chapter 7: Term symbols and transitions of many electron atoms, from "Molecular Quantum Mechanics", by Peter Atkins and Ronald Friedman.
    • From "Group Theory for Chemists", by Kieran Molloy
      • Chapter 12: Terms and Configurations
      • Appendix 2: "Microstates and Term Symbols
  4. resources related to this lecture
    • wiki for [VF3]-3
    • article "Spectroscopic, thermal, magnetic and structural characterization of K3VF6 prepared at room temperature", by R.Nagarajan, N. Tyagi, S. Lofland, and K. Ramanujachary, Polyhedron, 2011, Vol 30, 8, p1425, doi: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.03.012
    • article Structure and stability of hexa-aqua V(iii) cations in vanadium redox flow battery electrolytes by M. Vijayakumar, L. Li, Z. Nie, Z. Yang and J. Hua,, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2012 ,14, p10233, doi:10.1039/C2CP40707H

Lecture 8 (updated for 2019)

  1. notes for the lecture:pdf
  2. model answers
    • in notes probems: pdf
    • self study problems / exam preparation: pdf
  3. reading optional
    • Chapter 13: d-d Spectra", in "Group Theory for Chemists", by Kieran Molloy
    • "Metal Ligand-Bonding" by R. Janes and E. Moore, The Open University, Milton Keynes, published by the RSC, 2004.
    • From "Molecular Quantum Mechanics", by Peter Atkins and Ronald Friedman.
      • Section 10.16: The effects of anharmonicity
      • Section 11.4-11.8 of Chapter 11: Vibronic transitions

Workshop 2 (updated for 2019)

  1. I don't advise looking at these notes until after the workshop as they contain the model answers for the material that will be covered. You will get more out of the experience if you can first work on the problem independently.
  2. We will be looking at UV-vis spectrum and working an example very similar to the K3[VF6] example from L7
  3. notes for the workshop:pdf
  4. resources related to the workshop
    • wiki for [Cr(NH3)6]Cl3
    • article Hexaammine complexes of Cr(III) and Co(III): A spectra study by D. R. Brown R. R. Pavlis, J. Chem. Educ. 1985, Vol 62, 9, p807, doi: 10.1021/ed062p807
    • article Binding properties of tbutylamine in pentaammine complexes of chromium (III) and cobalt(III) by R.Mettendorf, R.Buchema, K.Tebbe, F.Wasgestian, and J.Lober, Inorganica Chimica Acta 1996, Vol 245, 1, p17, doi: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04795-6
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